Molecular Formula: C6H4ClNO2
CAS No.: 10177-29-4
Nicotinic acid (also accepted as vitamin B3, Niacin and vitamin PP) is an amoebic admixture with the blueprint C6H5NO2 and, depending on the analogue used, one of the forty to eighty capital animal nutrients.
Niacin is one of 5 vitamins (when defective in animal diet) associated with a communicable absence disease: niacin absence (pellagra), vitamin C absence (scurvy), thiamin absence (beriberi), vitamin D absence (rickets), vitamin A absence (night amaurosis and added symptoms). Niacin has been acclimated for over 50 years to access levels of HDL in the claret and has been begin to abundantly abatement the accident of cardiovascular contest in a amount of controlled animal trials.
This colorless, water-soluble solid is a acquired of pyridine, with a carboxyl accumulation (COOH) at the 3-position. Added forms of vitamin B3 cover the agnate amide, nicotinamide ("niacinamide"), area the carboxyl accumulation has been replaced by a carboxamide accumulation (CONH2), as able-bodied as added circuitous amides and a array of esters. The agreement niacin, nicotinamide, and vitamin B3 are generally acclimated interchangeably to accredit to any affiliate of this ancestors of compounds, back they accept agnate biochemical activity.
Nicotinic acid cannot be anon adapted to nicotinamide, but both compounds could be adapted to NAD and NADP in vivo. Although the two are identical in their vitamin activity, nicotinamide does not accept the aforementioned pharmacological furnishings (lipid modifying effects) as niacin. Nicotinamide does not abate cholesterol or could cause flushing. Nicotinamide may be baneful to the alarmist at doses beyond 3 g/day for adults. Niacin is a forerunner to NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH, which play capital metabolic roles in active cells. Niacin is complex in both DNA repair, and the assembly of steroid hormones in the adrenal gland.
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